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Footsteps

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Sources & evidence

Our public tools stay practical and easy to use. This separate page shows the authoritative sources reviewed, what each source informed, and the limits of what we claim from that evidence.

Source library

Authoritative sources connected to the resources they inform

A source may inform more than one tool. If a source changes materially, the connected resources can be identified for review without placing academic-style citations throughout the user experience.

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

SAFE-T Pocket Card: Suicide Assessment Five-Step Evaluation and Triage

Supports a structured suicide inquiry, risk and protective factor review, intervention selection, and documentation. It does not replace organizational policy or licensed clinical judgment.

Connected resources: clinical-risk-response-protocol

Evidence review: 2026-09-08

Open authoritative source

National Institute of Mental Health

Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) Toolkit

Supports brief validated screening followed by a brief suicide safety assessment and disposition pathway. Screening alone is not a disposition decision.

Connected resources: clinical-risk-response-protocol

Evidence review: 2026-09-08

Open authoritative source

Columbia Lighthouse Project

About the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)

Supports plain-language screening for suicidal thoughts, preparation, and behavior. Organizations must establish approved triage thresholds and care pathways.

Connected resources: clinical-risk-response-protocol

Evidence review: 2026-09-08

Open authoritative source

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

The Safety Planning Intervention

Supports collaborative, personalized safety planning with warning signs, coping, social and professional supports, and means safety. It is not a no-harm contract.

Connected resources: clinical-risk-response-protocol

Evidence review: 2026-09-08

Open authoritative source

988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

Supports U.S. crisis contact by call, text, or chat. The Lifeline is not a substitute for 911 or emergency medical response when danger or medical instability is immediate.

Connected resources: clinical-risk-response-protocol

Evidence review: 2026-09-08

Open authoritative source

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Tips for Coaching Teens to Recognize and Manage Emotions

Supports general emotion coaching, calm responding, and connection. It does not establish individualized treatment recommendations or clinical outcomes.

Connected resources: support-your-teen · respond-instead-of-react

Evidence review: 2026-08-22

Open authoritative source

World Health Organization

WHO guidelines on parenting interventions to prevent maltreatment and enhance parent-child relationships with children aged 0-17 years

Supports evidence-informed parenting and parent-child relationship principles. Footsteps does not reproduce proprietary intervention materials or claim that a public skill activity is a validated treatment program.

Connected resources: family-communication-reset · family-conversation-reset-tool · support-your-teen

Evidence review: 2026-08-22

Open authoritative source

California Courts Self-Help Guide

Child custody and parenting time

Supports the distinction between educational family skills and legal custody or parenting-time decisions. Footsteps does not provide legal advice or interpret court orders.

Connected resources: court-involved-family-boundaries · family-conversation-reset-tool

Evidence review: 2026-08-22

Open authoritative source

California Courts Self-Help Guide

How to reach child custody and support agreements

Supports the safety boundary that communication strategies are not appropriate in every case and must not override safety concerns or court requirements.

Connected resources: court-involved-family-boundaries · family-conversation-reset-tool

Evidence review: 2026-08-22

Open authoritative source